C fourteen and you may C fifteen after that define the brand new cosmology you to definitely performance on the theogonical plan, expounding new features of the moon due to the fact, correspondingly, “an enthusiastic alien, night-radiant white, wandering inside the Earth,” that’s “usually looking towards the newest rays of the sun.” Also, C sixteen is an individual word (??????????), meaning “rooted in liquid,” and also the test?monia explicitly says this might be grounded on the Environment.
In ways, the fresh new theogonical cosmology displayed yet is fairly reminiscent of Hesiod’s very own Theogony, and you can certain Milesian cosmologies every so often. These verses will likely be associated with the prior fragments for the reason that he or she is an expansion of one’s theogonical/cosmogonical account, that has shifted to give a free account out-of earthly matters-the foundation of dogs and their mental interest-which could nevertheless be according to the advice of one’s “deity which controls everything” (C twelve). This really is demonstrably the outcome with respect to C 18-19, since the ruling deity are explicitly said to head male-females sex inside C 12.
d. Positive Aletheia. Negative Viewpoint?
Considering the full repair of your own poem whilst stands, here appears to be a counter-user friendly account from “reality” available in the newest main part (Reality)-one that refers to some organization (or class of instance) with certain predicational perfections: eternal-ungenerated, imperishable, an ongoing whole, unmoving, novel, best, and you will uniform. This can be followed by the a intuitive cosmogony, suffused with old-fashioned mythopoetical facets (Opinion)-a world laden with generation, passing away, motion, etc., and that seems incommensurable to the membership indeed. It’s uncontroversial you to definitely The truth is seriously endorsed, and is also just as obvious you to Viewpoint is negatively presented in relation to Aletheia. Yet not, there’s significant uncertainty about your greatest updates away from Viewpoint, having concerns kept eg whether it’s supposed to have one well worth at all and you can, in this case, what sort of worth.
Although many passages about poem try consistent with a totally meaningless View, they don’t call for one valuation; possibly the biggest denigrations away from Viewpoint by itself (or mortals and their feedback) commonly completely obvious about your exact variety of or the amount out-of the failings. Even more worrisome, there are two passages that could suggest a point out of positive well worth to have Opinion-yet not, the new contours is notoriously tough to know. Dependant on the way the passages detail by detail listed here are understand/interpreted mainly decides just what degree/type (if any) away from positive worthy of are ascribed to help you Viewpoint.
not, C 17-19 be much more book, targeting the partnership involving the mind and body (C 17/DK sixteen), in addition to intimate breeding from inside the animals-and this side of the uterus some other sexes are implanted towards (C 18/DK 17) additionally the necessary criteria for a feasible, compliment fetus (C 19/DK 18)
C 1: …And is also essential you to definitely know everything, (28b) The nevertheless-heart out of persuasive facts, And opinions from mortals, in which there’s absolutely no dependable persuasion. (30)
In the beginning out of her speech, the brand new deity presents the opinions from mortals (that is, Opinion) negatively regarding Fact. However, it generally does not always go after from these lines one Advice was entirely incorrect otherwise valueless. At the most, all of that looks entailed here is a relative diminished epistemic certainty in terms of Reality. not, new change out of Truth to Thoughts (C/DK 8.50-52), if deity concludes the lady “dependable account and you will regarded as truth,” plus evaluate, charge the fresh childhood to “realize about the views off mortals, hearing the latest misleading plan regarding my terminology,” suggests falsity (C/DK 8.50-52). This misleading plan is knew to put on merely to the goddess’ speech of your own account. But not, since the Aletheia is described as a beneficial “trustworthy membership,” there seems to be undoubtedly it ‘s the blogs (together with speech) which is dependable, the newest parallel should keep having Thoughts too. Accepting that it’s the message away from Thoughts that’s misleading, one of the most tough interpretative questions about View stays. ‘s the the quantity of one’s deception meant to affect: a) the offer within Advice (such, Parmenides really wants to say it truly is untrue that moonlight reflects sunshine), otherwise b) just a few high areas of their stuff (particularly, basing a merchant account for the opposites such Light/Night)? In either case, C/DK step one.31 and you Numer telefonu beetalk may 8.50-2 make it clear you to Advice and “feedback away from mortals” lack both in veracity and you may epistemic certainty-about to some extent.
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